The purpose of HVAC systems extends beyond merely heating or cooling a space. Instead, they can enhance indoor air quality and provide comfort for everyone within a building. Although there are various types of HVAC system, their fundamental elements remain consistent.

Further Read

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What is a fan coil units?

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can be classified based on different criteria:

1. Energy Source: HVAC system can be categorized into electric heating systems, gas heating systems, heat pump systems, and more.
2. System Configuration: They can be divided into central air conditioning systems (commonly used in large buildings to regulate the entire indoor environment) and unitary air conditioning systems (typically used in small buildings or individual rooms, where each system operates independently).
3. Cooling Principles: Air conditioning systems can be further classified into compression-based, absorption-based, and evaporative types.
4. Application Areas: HVAC systems can also be categorized based on their application domains, such as residential HVAC systems, commercial HVAC system, and industrial HVAC systems.

While different HVAC systems may have varying designs and configurations, most systems include the following essential components:

1. Heat Source: In heating systems, the heat source (e.g., furnace, boiler, heat pump) generates heat. It is responsible for producing warm air that will be distributed to different rooms via the HVAC system.
2. Cooling Equipment: In air conditioning systems, cooling equipment (usually an air conditioner or chiller) generates cold air to lower indoor temperatures.
3. Fans and Air Handling Equipment: These components transport heated or cooled air into the indoor space(such as, fan coil unit). They also regulate humidity, filter impurities from the air, and provide necessary ventilation.
4. Ductwork System: The ductwork distributes and transports heated or cooled air and recirculates used air.
5. Control System: The control system manages and regulates the HVAC system. It includes temperature controllers, humidity controllers, timers, and other devices.